生活污水处理厂微生物群落结构解析

以某城市生活污水处理厂为研究对象,通过高通量测序技术解析功能单元(氧化沟)内微生物群落结构。试验时,该污水处理厂出水水质满足一级B排放标准(GB 18918—2002)。高通量测序获得有效序列28 561条,经分析得到文库覆盖率为0.90,微生物α指数,即ACE、Chao1、Shannon和Simpson指数分别为20 653.8、12 148.4、6.6和0.005。在属(genus)水平,丰度在1%以上的优势微生物共有19种,其中1%~2%的菌属有Pseudomonas、Phycisphaera、Methylocystis、Gemmata、Gp7、Singulisphaera、Isosphaera、Parachlamydia、Haliea和TM7 genera incertaesedis,所占比例分别为1.91%、1.91%、1.90%、1.75%、1.64%、1.55%、1.47%、1.33%、1.2%和1.17%,这部分比例之和为15.83%。丰度在2%以上的优势菌属有Zavarzinella、Gp4、Planctomyces、Aciditerrimonas、Blastopirellula、Pasteuria、Neochlamydia、Gemmatimonas和Simkania,所占比例分别为10.02%、4.66%、4.44%、2.66%、2.56%、2.33%、2.31%、2.25%和2.23%,这部分共计33.46%。所占比例高于0.01%的菌属共有355类,表明该城市污水处理厂含有丰富的微生物资源,它们是污水处理的微生物基础。

Analysis of microbial community constituent composition of some sewage treatment and processing plant

The present paper intends to report its analysis of the status-quo of the microbial diversity and components of the microorganisms involved in the sewage treatment process through carrying out high-throughput sequence for detecting the microbial community in the oxidation ditch of the plant in some city in south China. For the said purpose,we have done the DNA extraction via the E. Z. N. A. Soil DNA Kit,whereas,for the sequential analysis,the extracted DNA samples have been amplified with a set of primers of 341F/805R targeting V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene by choosing the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with the Uclust software. At the same time,we have also done the Alpha diversity analysis and species classification by means of Mothur and RDP classifier. Thus,we have succeeded in testing and determining the constituent situation of the influent and effluent sewage and the purified water qualities according to the state-declared standard demands. As a result of our testing and examination, the effluent of the sewage treatment plant under study can be recognized to meet the standard of Level 1B of China (GB18918-2002),in which the total dataset is made up of 28 561 high quality sequences. Literally speaking,the library coverage, the ACE index,the Chao1 index,the Shannon index and Simpson index prove to reach 0. 90,20 653. 8,12 148. 4,6. 6 and 0. 005,respectively and correspondingly. Besides,the proportional ratios of Pseudomonas,Phycisphaera,Methylocystis,Gemmata, Gp7,Singulisphaera,Isosphaera,Parachlamydia,Haliea and TM7 genera incertaesedis prove to be over 1％,of which the abundance percentages should stand by 1. 91％, 1. 91％,1. 90％,1. 75％,1. 64％,1. 55％,1. 47％,1. 33％,1. 20％ and 1. 17％,respectively,whereas the total proportional ratios of the above genera may account for 15. 83％. In addition,the Zavarzinella,Gp4,Planctomyces,Aciditerrimonas,Blastopirellula, Pasteuria,Neochlamydia,Gemmatimonas and Simkania tend to occupy 10. 02％, 4. 66％, 4. 44％, 2. 66％, 2. 56％,2. 33％,2. 31％,2. 25％ and 2. 23％,respectively. Of the total composition, the above illustrated genera stand at about 33. 46％. Besides,355 species have been verified in a proportional ratio over 0. 01％,which suggests that the sewage treatment plants enjoy abundant bacterial population communities,which can be expected to contribute greatly to the removal of the contaminant components in the plant.