露天矿溜槽粉尘逸散规律试验研究

为探索露天矿用溜槽系统粉尘逸散的影响因素,阐明溜槽系统运输过程中粉尘的产生机理和运移规律,从而解决溜槽系统产生的粉尘污染问题,以抚顺西露天矿为研究背景,运用相似理论,建立溜槽模型,通过单因素试验和正交试验,分别研究物料粉岩质量分数、物料含水率、溜槽倾角对溜槽运行过程中粉尘质量浓度的影响。单因素试验结果表明,粉尘质量浓度随物料粉岩质量分数、溜槽倾角增大而逐渐增大,随含水率增大而逐渐降低,溜槽底部粉尘质量浓度受影响变化幅度较大,溜槽中部和上部变化较小。溜槽粉尘质量浓度分布规律为溜槽底部粉尘产生量最大,中部次之,上方最小。溜槽底部为粉尘污染防治重点区域。正交试验结果表明,物料含水率对粉尘逸散影响最大,其次是粉岩质量分数,溜槽倾角影响最小。

Experimental test and examination on dust dissipation regularity of chutes in the open pit mine

The present paper is aimed to make an exploration of the influential factors on the dust fouling and clarify the interior mechanism and migration regularity of the dust in a chute system of an open pit mine. More specifically speaking,it intends to build up a model for the chute experiment on the Fushun west open mining pit to solve the problem of dust pollution caused by chute systems based on the similar theory in the process of a chute system. To achieve the purpose,we have set up some dust monitoring points at the upper,middle and outlet of the chute and try to do a single factor and an orthogonal experiment to trace and examine the effects of the fine particle and moisture contents and the concentration of the dust produced in the process of the chute running. The results of our single factor experiments show that the dust concentration tends to increase with the increase of the fine particle content and chute inclination. At the same time,when the moisture content increases,the concentration of the dust tends to fall gradually. The aforementioned results also reveal that three different sorts of chute that may take place,that is,great change has taken place at the bottom of the chute,whereas middle change takes place in the middle and small one at its upper part of the chute. To be more accurate,highest distribution of the dust concentration at the bottom of the chute,followed by the middle in the mid and the smallest at the top. Among them,the bottom of the chute can be taken as the key area for controlling the dust pollution. Thus,it can be concluded that the results of our orthogonal test prove that the moisture content has the greatest effect on the dust dissipation,which is followed by the fine particle content with the chute inclination producing the least effect. Furthermore, we have also brought about the corresponding dust control measures in accordance with the dust dissipation regularity. In addition,in case the pollutant material moisture content is less than 4. 5％,it would be available to set up a spray device at the pollutant inlet to reduce such fine particles while the minimum inclining chute can also be recommended to take.