基于GIS的非点源污染的研究及应用

非点源污染已经成为全球重要的环境问题，数学模型是非点源污染研究的核心内容之一。本阐述了GIS与非点源污染模型结合的意义及其必然性，分析了两结合的基本组成及集成方式，并对两不同集成方式进行了描述。分析了目前国内外的研究状况，最后结合项目给出了GIS和非点源污染模型相结合的应用示例。

A STUDY ON NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION UNDER GIS

This paper intends to discuss the necessity and significance of integrating non-point pollution source mathematic model with geographic information system (GIS for short). Generally speaking, the integration has been formed of three separate parts, including mathematic model, GIS and data, in which data is of the greatest importance and more difficult to be gathered. Current- ly, data are usually obtained by remote sensing. However, the integration between GIS and non-point pollution source can be expressed in three different formats, that is, loose coupling, part coupling and whole coupling. To bring down the idea more vividly to the readers, the paper has given a simple and acute analysis of the three different formats and the current status at home and abroad. Finally, taking Miyun reservoir, Beijing, for example, the author shows how to apply the GIS in non-point pollution study. Non-point source pollution has been an important global environmental problem. Now, some lakes and reservoirs are threatened by it in many countries. Mathematic model is an essential tool to resolve it. Some mathematic models have been founded since 1960's, such as USLE, RUSLE, SWAT, AGNPS etc. GIS is an information system with powerful spatial analyzing capability. It can compile, storage, manage, analyze, display and apply geographic spatial information. With the development of GIS technology, application of GIS in study non-point source has become a new trend. Though they belong to different fields, they have common spatial concept. It made integration become possible.