我国建筑碳排放核算及影响因素研究综述

为给研究建筑领域节能减碳提供参考,简要介绍了碳排放核算的一般性方法,重点阐述了微观单体建筑碳排放和宏观层面建筑物化和运行碳排放核算模型方法的特点以及研究现状,分析了3类主要模型方法(IPAT系列模型、指数分解分析方法和结构分解分析方法)的优缺点及应用情况,并聚焦于建筑领域,综述了建筑碳排放影响因素研究的几个关键问题,即研究范围、研究方法和关键影响因素。最后,从建筑碳排放的核算范围、核算方法、影响因素等方面进行了展望,指出现有研究的不足和未来研究的方向。

Summary of research on account of carbon emission in building industry and analysis of its influential factors

This paper is aimed at making a review of the recent research situation in-situ on the carbon emission(CE)account and analysis of the influential factors(IFs)through summing up the applications and relevant analysis methods.And,then,a brief review has to be made on the research status and trends of the aforementioned aspects in the field of building industry so as to provide references for further studies on the energy conservation and carbon emission reduction.To achieve the above mentioned purposes,the paper of ours has briefly introduced 3 general methods of CE accounting especially by highlighting the accounting manner of the single building CE and macro-building embodiment and operational CE.The CE accounting method for the individual building evaluation should be mainly done on the basis of the framework of the life cycle assessment,e.g.BEES,ENVEST and BEPAS.And,in regard to the macroscopic features,it would be possible for us to classify or categorize the accounting ideas of building embodiment and operational CE into methods of top-down approach and bottom-up one with their differences being illustrated.The bottom-up approach seems to be more detailed,visible as well as accurate or precise,yet,it is more complex and complicated to fulfil their calculations and acquire a lot of data investigations.On the contrary,the topdown approach just goes opposite by nature.In terms of CE-IFs analysis,there can be found 3 main types of methods(i.e.IPAT series model,index decomposition analysis and the structural decomposition analysis).And,we have also illustrated and elaborated their advantages,disadvantages as well as the application procedures in addition to a vivid comparison.Focusing on the building of CE IFs,we have also summarized a few key issues in this way:(1)The research scopes can be mainly focused on the CE/IFs of the building industry or the building operations;(2)The model of IPAT series has been widely adopted in combination with LMDI;(3)The key IFs are mainly related to the society,economics and building operations.Thus,in final analysis,the paper has mainly illustrated the drawbacks of the current studies and presented prospects for their further research in 3 aspects:building CE accounting scope,the accounting methodologies and perspectives of IFs analysis.