地下水化学组分在强震活动下的突变

为了探索地震预测预报途径,根据地下水化学监测资料,研究了地震活动中经常出现的地下水化学异常组分及其突变特征.结果表明,在强烈地震活动前后,经常发生地下水水化学异常突变.反应最敏感的地下水水化学组分为放射性元素Rn,其不仅在7级以上地震中普遍出现异常,而且在5～6级或更小的地震中也会出现异常;Rn异常范围不同,其最大半径可达500～600 km,异常集中分布在距震中200 km以内.其次,还有一些组分发生异常,如微量元素(B、F、Li和Sr)、常量成分(SiO2和Cl-)、气体组分(CO2、N2、CH4、H2和He)及气体总量等,它们仅在7级以上地震中较为常见.加强地下水动态监测,研究地下水水化学异常突变与地震的关系,对于构造活动性评价和地震预测预报具有重要意义.

Correlation analysis on mutation change of chemical components of ground-water during the period of strong earthquake activities

This paper investigates the abnormal chemical components and their mutating of underground water frequently occurring during earthquake in reference to monitoring data to explore forecast of earthquake. The results of investigation shows that the earthquake may incur mutation change of the chemical components of certain substances due to their most sensitive reflection to strong earth shocks, including radioactive element Rn, which reveals the abnormality usually due to the strong shock brought about by earthquakes over magnitude 7 and even by the earthquakes of magnitudes 5 -6 and even less. The abnormity sphere usually covers a radius of 200 km from the earthquake epicenter and the maximum radius being up to 500 - 600 km, and trace elements B, F, Li, Sr and SiO2, Hg, as well as macro-constituents like those of Cl^- , CO2, N2, CH4, H2, He, and the total gas amount, whose abnormities can usually be seen in the earthquake activities only above magnitude 7. Strengthening dynamic monitoring of ground water and studying the relation between ground water chemical abnormality and earthquake activities are of non-negligible functions on evaluating structure activities and predicting and forecasting earthquake. The key to deepening such work is to develop a comprehensive monitoring and research organization to emphasize the contrasted and identification study of abnormalities of various water chemical components, combine water chemical abnormality with geophysical abnormality, and then make joint use of diversified means so as to improve the quality and standards of earthquake prediction and forecast activities.