闪光烟火剂感度变化因素的实验研究

研究铝粉的粒度、形状和粘合剂的含量对闪光烟火药剂感度的影响。发现由铝粉和高氯酸钾配制的二元药剂对摩擦和冲击比较钝感，而对静电火花和火焰敏感；当加入粘合剂后，冲击感度和摩擦感度均明显提高。而静电火花感度和火焰感度均明显下降。粒度和形状对感度的影响是铝粉比表面积变化引起的；粘合剂对感度的影响是由于加入粘合剂后形成的微胶囊的脆性和硬度较大，且易藏有气泡，容易形成热点。

A STUDY ON SENSITIVITY OF PYROTECHNIC FLASH COMPOSITION

The present paper is engaged in the study of the influence of the shape, size and adhesive of the aluminum powder on the sensitivity of pyrotechnics flash composition by means of the sensitive examination. It is found by the authors that the pyrotechnic flash of the aluminum powder is not sensitive in nature to the friction but more sensitive to the electrostatic sparkle and the flame. However, when the adhesive is added to the powder, the impact and friction of the aluminum powder pyrotechnic flash composition will become more and more sensitive with the size reduced.- In addition, the sensitivity of the non-spherical aluminum pyrotechnic flash composition is more sensitive than that of the spherical aluminum. The stronger influence of the powder shape and particle size on the sensitivity of pyrotechnic flash may account for the change of the powder's specific surface area. It is indicated in the experiment that the fundamental factor is the specific surface area which is changing with the different shapes and sizes of aluminum particles. This paper also proves that the addition of adhesive will make the pyrotechnics more sensitive to the friction and the impact with no regard to the flame and the electrostatic spark, which is contradictory to the traditional idea. The influence of the adhesive addition may also account for the production of the microcapsule of the pyrotechnics flash. This may in turn account for the brittleness and the rigidity of the microcapsule and the appearance of the air bubble in the tiny capsules which makes the hotspot easily formed.