燃煤电厂生产性粉尘健康风险评价

为评估燃煤电厂生产性粉尘造成的职业健康风险,深入探究燃煤电厂一线操作职工的粉尘暴露情况,将蒙特卡罗模拟方法与概率风险评价和健康损害分析法相结合定量评价各涉尘工位的职工暴露于不同类型粉尘造成的健康风险。结果表明:所有工位中,锅炉单元的除灰和卸渣工位健康风险最大,锅炉巡检和脱硫巡检2工位的风险最小;健康损害值最大为胶带巡检和除灰工位;体质量(BW)和平均暴露时间(AT)具有负敏感度,影响职工健康程度均值较大的参数依次为AT、暴露周期(ED)、粉尘质量浓度、呼吸速率(IR)和暴露时间(ET)。

Health risk assessment caused by productive dust in coal-fired power plants

In order to evaluate occupational health risks caused by productive dust in coal-fired power plants,dust exposure of first-line operators in such plants was explored,and their health risks from exposure to different types of dust were assessed quantitatively by using Monte Carlo simulation method,probability risk assessment and health damage analysis method.The results show that among all occupations,ash removal and slag removal of boiler unit are exposed to the greatest health risk while boiler inspection and desulfurization inspection to minimal risk,and belt inspection and ash removal operators are faced with maximum damage to health.It is also found that body weight(BW)and average time(AT)have negative sensitivity,and parameters which have great impacts on average employee health rank as AT,exposure duration(ED),dust concentration,inhalation rate(IR)and exposure time(ET)in turn.