交通事故发生规律与城市道路系统的规划设计研究

笔者分析了城市交通事故发生率与道路等级、道路断面形式、路网密度、交叉口形式、道路车速的关系及交通事故人群的分布规律,认为道路宽而稀、支路缺乏、街道功能不清是我国城市道路网与用地微观布局的基本特点。大量数据分析表明,这种路网体系与我国的城市交通事故率偏高有着密切关系。路网规划是城市路网建设的基本依据,笔者认为,应当将降低城市交通事故率作为路网规划的考虑内容之一,同时指出,应在路网规划中合理选择道路断面形式、交叉口形式,建议适度加密路网、健全支路体系、理清街道功能,并考虑城市道路的车速控制与驾驶心态调整。

Study on Occurrence of Traffic Accident and Planning Design of Urban Road Network

The association of the rate of urban road traffic accident with road ranks, road sections, intersection style, vehicle speed, and the distribution of people involved in traffic accidents are analyzed. Urban road network in China has the characteristics of wide road with low network density and vague in function. Data analysis shows that the frequent occurrence of traffic accident is closely correlated with the status of road network. Road network planning is the criterion of road network construction. How to reduce the traffic accident should be taken as one of the criteria in road network planning. It is suggested that rational choice of road section and intersection, appropriate increase of road network density, making the road branches more reasonable, making clear the function of each road, control the vehicle speed and educate the driver's morality should all be considered in the planning.