商业区与轻轨站厅开口处防火分隔失效时人员安全疏散评估

针对相连接部位开口处的防火分隔失效时人员能否安全疏散进行评估,研讨人员安全疏散评估过程中所采用的定性分析和定量分析方法。以某商场与轻轨站相连接开口处为例,考察当防火分隔耐火性能失效后,商场内人员和轻轨站的人员能否从火灾中得以安全疏散;通过火灾模拟的方法,采用BuildEvac和FDS软件分别对火灾时人员疏散状况和火灾烟气的蔓延情况进行人员疏散模拟和火灾烟气运动模拟。根据模拟计算结果,对商场内人员和轻轨站人员的安全性进行详细分析和讨论,从而得出实例评估结论:当排烟系统正常工作时,即使防火分隔(防火卷帘)失效,火场环境对商业区和轻轨站的人员生命安全在整个疏散过程中均不会构成威胁,所有人员都能安全疏散到安全地点。

Safety Evacuation Assessment under the Failure of Fire Barrier at the Opening Linking Mall and Light Rail Station Hall

For evaluating the safety of human evacuation when fire barrier fails in fire,qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for safety evacuation assessment were introduced.By taking the opening linking a mall and light rail station as an example,safety evacuation assessment was made under the failure of fire barrier at the opening.With fire simulation method,the evacuation of human and the moving of fire smoke were simulated by using software of BuildEvac and FDS.According to the simulated results,the safety of the people in the mall and the station was discussed and analyzed in detail.It is concluded that when the smoke extraction system works normally,fire will not make a threat to the life of the people and they can evacuate to the safe area,even if the fire barrier at the opening fails in fire.