大型公共场所动态引导人移动路径设计方法

针对方向式动态引导在大型公共场所安全疏散中的重要作用,以及对动态引导人移动路径研究不足的现状,提出利用比值函数设计动态引导人移动路径的方法。并借鉴TSP(旅行商问题)方法的求解思路,提出可用于动态引导人移动路径优化的禁忌搜索算法。以一个内部布局较为复杂的大型公共场所模拟场景为例,利用MA-ESM疏散模型,分别模拟了引导人最优移动路径、最短移动路径和影响面积最大路径3种不同情景下疏散效果。结果表明,利用影响面积和路径长度比值最大的优化算法计算得出的引导人移动路径,既可满足在相同时间内引导更多的人员进行疏散,又可节省总体的疏散时间,充分保证疏散效果,验证了笔者所提出的动态引导人移动路径优化算法的合理性。

An Algorithm for the Moving Route of Evacuation Leader in Public Facilities

Considering that the directional dynamic leading played important roles in safe evacuation of public facilities and that the theory and method concerned with dynamic moving route of evacuation leader was not adequate.This paper firstly presented a method about how to design the dynamic moving route of evacuation leader by using a ratio of total covering area to route length.Then,a Tabu search algorithm for the optimization of dynamic moving route was put forward with reference to the problem-solving idea of TSP(traveling salesman problem).Based on the MA-ESM model,the evacuation effects in the three different scenarios of optimal moving route,shortest moving route and maximum covering area route,were simulated.The results indicate that the moving route of evacuation leader determined by the ratio of total covering area to route length is the most effective route,and the presented algorithm for the dynamic moving route is more reasonable.