地铁车站人员安全疏散仿真理论分析与应用

地铁车站的紧急疏散对保障地铁运营安全应对突发事件至关重要。在对比分析人群疏散行为仿真的理论与方法后,针对上海市某地铁车站设计要求,采用疏散模拟软件,考虑在不同灾害场景对该车站的人员疏散问题进行仿真模拟分析。结果表明:车站内疏散人群的具体位置对疏散时间和出口的利用率影响较大;人群疏散过程中,是否采取工作人员的合理引导及指示等人工干预方法对人群疏散路线的选择、节省疏散时间、保障逃生安全等十分重要。

Theoretical Analysis and Application of Personnel Evacuation in Metro Station

The passenger safety evacuation in the metro station is of much importance role for emergency management.Different simulation theories and practices of evacuation were analyzed and compared.Based on the design requirements of one metro station in Shanghai,evacuation simulation software and fire simulation software were used to simulate the passenger evacuation under different disaster conditions.The computation results show that people's distribution in the station has significant influence on the evacuation time and the efficiency of exits,and some rational interventions such as the guidance of working staff and indication signs and so on,are essential to selecting the evacuation course,shortening the evacuation time and ensuring passenger safety.