基于计划行为理论的自行车不安全行为模型研究

依托国家道路交通安全科技行动计划课题五"全民交通行为安全性提升综合技术及示范"专题,基于计划行为理论,从社会心理学的角度首次对自行车骑行者的不安全行为进行分析。在增加变量的基础上,通过调查问卷的方式,研究自行车骑行者对不安全行为的态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制、行为经验等心理因素,从而构建自行车不安全行为模型。从调查数据的结构方程模型分析和个人属性分析可知,在调查人群中存在对不安全行为没有正确认识、自觉守法能力较弱和普遍有不安全行为经验等问题,同时也确定了参与不安全行为的重点人群。最后,在揭示心理因素作用于行为的基础上提出家庭式安全教育、加强交警管理、提倡榜样学习、加强交通安全宣传等行为矫正手段。

Unsafe Behavior Improved Model for Bicycle Riding Based on Theory of Planned Behavior

Supported by the National Road Traffic Safety Science and Technology Action Plan subject 5—the project of"comprehensive technology and demonstration of public traffic safety behavior improvement",and based on the theory of planned behavior,the unsafe behaviors of riding bicycle are analyzed for the first time from the perspective of social psychology.Through increasing the variables and adopting questionnaire method,bicycle rider's psychological factors such as attitude,subjective norm,perceived behavior control and behavior experience are analyzed to build the unsafe behavior model for bicycle riding.According to the structural model analysis of survey data and the personal information analysis,it shows that,for those surveyed persons,there exist the problems such as incorrect awareness of unsafe behaviors,poor law-abiding ability and common unsafe behavior experience.Meanwhile,key population is confirmed based on the analysis.Finally,by revealing the role of psychological factors in behavior,some rectification methods such as conducting safety education,strengthening traffic police management,promoting model-learning and intensifying traffic safety publicity are proposed.