我国部分保健与安全活动经济代价的初步评价

社会中的许多卫生保健活动都需要在经济代价和人的安全健康之间作出权衡。这种权衡往往需要确定危害人们健康和安全的经济价值。笔者从人力资本和支付意愿两个方面，对我国卫生、环保、安全有关的经济数据进行了评价分析。在人力资本方面，考虑了人均终生的国民生产总值、国民收入、消费水平、职工工资、城乡居民收入。在支付意愿方面，考虑了医疗救治的费用、社会保险费用、司法赔偿、职业劳动保护费用、降低辐射危害的费用以及政府采用数值等。根据这些分析评价，笔者建议：我国卫生保健有关的人的社会经济价值，若以１９９０ 年可比价格计算，分布在（９～４０）万元之间，适中的估计为２０ 万元。

Preliminary Assessment on the Economic Cost of Health and Safety Activities in China

In many health and safety activities, people have to weight gains and losses between the economic cost and the health and safety benefit, during which the economic value of the factors harmful to health and safety has to be determined. The data related to the cost of health and safety activities in respect of human capital and WTP(willing to pay) are analyzed and reviewed. In respect of human capital, the data were reviewed for lifetime value per capita of GNP,national income, consumption level, average wage of staff and workers and individual income inrural and urban area.In respect of WTP,the cost of medical care, insurance coverage, judicial compensation, occupational labor protection,reduction of radiation detriment, and the values adopted by the government are considered. Several literature searches were performed to ascertain the sttus of assigning a societal value of life. The authors suggest that the cost of health and safety activities ranged from 90000 400000yuan, with a mean of 200000yuan, is feasible as calcuated from the fixed price of 1990.