建筑物走廊型通道中火灾烟气流动特性的研究

应用网络模型方法,将建筑物走廊型通道合理地划分为多个节点,在火源为10kg木材的情况下,利用已开发成功的烟流性状预测软件对四川消防科研所的一座实体建筑物进行了模拟计算,获得了各节点烟流性状的发展变化规律。经比较,模型计算结果与实验数据十分符合。证明走廊型通道的多节点划分方法正确、预测软件实用可靠。根据烟气侵入走道中两节点的时间差及两节点间距,提出了烟气弥漫速度的计算方法。该算法与实测结果间的相对误差小于3%,实例应用及研究的成果,为建筑物火灾时安全疏散动态模拟研究提供了理论依据。

Study on Properties of Fire Smoke Flow in Building's Corridor

By the method of network model, the building's corridor is sectioned into several nodes. When the fire source is 10 kg wood, the modified smoke flow calculation software is used to simulate a substantial corridor building in Sichuan Fire Fighting Research Institute, from which the change regularity of the properties of smoke flow at each node is obtained. By comparison, the results by simulated calculation meet well with that of the experiment. It proves that the method for sectioning the corridor into several nodes is correct, and the modified software is practical and reliable. Based on the time difference in-between two nodes when smoke flow intrudes and the distance interval in-between two nodes, a calculation method for smoke flow diffusion speed is put forward. The relative error between the results from the calculation method and field measurement is less than 3%. The proposal of this calculation method provides a theoretical criterion for dynamic simulation study of safe evacuation when the building is on fire.