铝质发动机罩的行人碰撞保护研究

应用HyperMesh建立发动机罩和行人头部的有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA有限元分析软件研究人的头部与钢质、铝质发动机罩相撞时的动态响应问题,并经试验验证。对头模撞击铝质发动机罩与钢质发动机罩作了比较,得出铝质发动机罩对行人头部具有更好保护效果的结论。对铝质发动机罩内、外板的厚度进行改进设计,得到综合轻量化、刚度及安全性3方面的要求都比较好的设计方案。最后对铝质发动机罩的内板结构进行拓扑优化设计,得到了在保证刚度的前提下减重效果最好、具有优异的行人碰撞保护性能的铝质发动机罩结构。

Study on the Collision Protection Effect of Aluminum Engine Hoods

The finite element model of engine hoods and model heads was established by use of HyperMesh software. And then, the dynamic collision response phenomenon between the model heads and the engine hoods was analyzed with LS - DYNA software. This analysis result is proved to be valid by tests. Meanwhile, the respective collision results of the model heads with aluminum engine hoods and steel engine hoods are compared, it is concluded that the aluminum engine hoods have a better protection effect on human heads. Finally, a good aluminum hood design scheme with light weight, good stiffness and security is obtained through design improvement. In addition, the structure of aluminum hoods is optimized by use of finite element software, and a structure with good weight and good collision protection effect is achieved on the premise of ensuring stiffness.