锅炉过热器爆漏原因的统计分析和预防措施

以100余起公开报道的锅炉过热器爆漏事故案例进行统计分析为基础,将引起过热器爆漏的直接原因归纳为长期超温、短期超温、腐蚀、磨损和焊接缺陷,对产生事故的机理和主要原因进行了探讨和归类,认为运行管理不当是造成过热器爆漏的最重要方面。分析并提出了设计、安装、制造、检修和运行管理过程中对爆漏风险贡献最大的各单因素及其成因。针对造成爆漏的根本原因提出了预防措施,为锅炉的安全运行和合理检修提供了科学依据。

Statistical Analysis of Superheater's Explosive Leakage of Boiler and Its Preventive Countermeasures

In order to improving the safety and economy of boilers and reducing the potential casualties and loss of property,the causations of superheater's explosive leakage were statistically analyzed from 100 accidents which were vended in literature.The direct causations for this kind of accidents were reduced to long overtemperature,short overtemperature,erosion,abrasion and weld deficiency.Discussion and classification of the mechanism and causes for the accident shows that inappropriate operation management is the major cause.The best contributing factors affecting the leakage were respectively analyzed from the aspects of design,production,installation,maintain and operation management,and the causes for the emergence of these factors were discussed.According to the root causes of superheater's explosive leakage,preventive measures were proposed,which provides a help for the safe operation and repair of the boiler.