Liquefaction of sawdust in hot compressed ethanol for the production of bio-oils |
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| Authors: | Junming Xu Jianchun Jiang Weidi Dai Yu Xu |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China;2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China;3. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China;4. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China;1. Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria;2. College of Engineering and Technology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana;3. College of Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana;1. Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR), Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9;2. FPInnovations, 570, boul. Saint-Jean, Pointe-Claire (QC), Canada H9R 3J9;1. Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea;2. Advanced Technology Department, Land & Housing Institute, Daejeon, 34047, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China;1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;2. College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China |
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| Abstract: | Direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic waste (sawdust) has been conducted in hot-compressed ethanol at temperatures from 150 to 250 °C. It was found that polyols such as glycerol, glycol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) promoted liquefaction process assisted with hot ethanol treatments seemed promising for production of bio-oils from lignocellulosic materials. Effects of different solvents and catalysts on liquefaction of sawdust were investigated. The results showed that the optimum operating condition for catalytic liquefaction is at 250 °C, 1 h of reaction time using glycerol and ethanol as solvent where operating at this condition realized the highest conversion of sawdust which is 97.8%. After reaction, the liquified product was separated by vacuum distillation. Two fractions were obtained, namely light oil and heavy oil. The properties and compositions of these two fractions were characterized in terms of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). |
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