Thermodynamic investigation and hydrate inhibition of real gas flow through orifice during depressurization |
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| Institution: | 1. Natural Gas Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71345, Iran;2. John M Campbell & Co., 1215 Crossroads Boulevard, Norman, OK 73072, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;1. Institute of Thermomechanics of the CAS, v. v. i., Dolejškova 1402, 182 00 Prague 8, Czechia;2. Thermodynamics, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany;3. Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Institute of Power Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 14, 01069 Dresden, Germany;1. Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 606-791, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Petroleum Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology, Ahwaz, Iran;2. Oil and Gas Engineering Department, Pars Oil and Gas Company (POGC), Asalouyeh, Iran;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;4. Energy Engineering Department, Faculty of Shahid Abbaspour, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | A thermodynamic procedure has been proposed which can be used to predict the gas pressure, temperature and flow rate through orifice upon chock flow condition, using equation of state (EOS). The procedure applied for emergency depressurization operation incorporating the Peng-Robinson EOS and validated by comparing flow rates of a multi-component hydrocarbon gas mixture for thirteen experimental cases. The average absolute deviations of the predicted flow rates for orifice discharge coefficients of 0.85 and 0.9, are 7.36% and 2.03%, respectively. The corresponding error for API 520 (American Petroleum Institute Recommendation Practice 520) method is 6.91%. In this work, the hydrate formation temperature and hydrate inhibitor type and its required weight fraction for preventing the hydrate formation upon orifice and its upstream conditions are evaluated by the EZ-Thermo software using the Moshfeghian–Maddox method. The results qualitatively show that the hydrate prevention is essential for the safety of the operation due to low temperature condition. |
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| Keywords: | Depressurization Real gas Peng-Robinson Chock flow Gas hydrate Hydrate inhibitor |
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