A methodology for assessment of long-term exposure to whole-body vibrations in vehicle drivers to propose preventive safety measures |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Av. Severo Ochoa s/n, Granada, Spain;2. Department of Building Construction, University of Granada, Av. Severo Ochoa s/n, Granada, Spain;1. Groupe PSA, Centre technique de Vélizy, Vélizy-Villacoublay, Cedex, France;2. Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France;3. Université Gustave Eiffel/TS2/SATIE/MOSS, Orsay, France;1. Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, USA;2. Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA;1. School of Social Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;2. Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;3. Amy Gillett Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;4. Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety – Queensland, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Queensland, Australia;1. Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Science and Technology Research Institute for Defence (STRIDE), Ministry of Defence, Taman Bukit Mewah Fasa 9, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. IMAMOTER Institute for Agricultural and Earth-moving Machines of C.N.R (Italian National Research Council), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Turin, Italy;2. DISAFA (Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences and Technologies), Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Introduction: The appearance of musculoskeletal disorders (MDs) in professional drivers due to exposition to whole-body vibration (WBV) makes it relevant to assess this exposure. The European Directive 2002/44/EC has two methods to evaluate exposure to WBV (defined in ISO2631-1:2008). These methods evaluate the exposure associated with an 8-hour working day; however, MDs due to WBV could also be caused by accumulated exposure to vibrations over long term, and hence, the methods defined in the European directive may be limited in their ability to ensure the safety of workers exposed to WBV throughout their years of employment. Method: A detailed comparison and discussion of methods defined in the European Directive and the ISO2631-5:2018 was used as a starting point of the main results of this paper. On this basis, a new methodology for the management and organization of preventive measures is proposed to consider the assessment of ISO2631-5:2018 standard and the full working life of workers. Experimental data to assess exposure to WBV in heavy equipment vehicle (HEV) drivers under different road surface conditions and range of velocities were considered to illustrate the process of the proposed methodology. Results: The methods defined in the standards provide different assessments leading to a different possible consideration of safe operations when the risks associated with them may actually be high. The proposed methodology can be used with the aim of ensuring safety of workers throughout their working lives and providing an easy implementation of the calculations of ISO2631-5:2018 standard. Conclusions: A procedure to assess the health risk probability to which the HEV worker is exposed in terms of the exposure years and a different range of operational vehicle speeds is proposed and exemplified with a study case. Practical applications: This study provides a practical tool for the management of WBV exposure related to work-tasks in HEV drivers. Safety managers should consider the global exposition to WBV throughout their working life, and this research provides an easy tool to accomplish it. |
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| Keywords: | Whole-body vibrations ISO2631-5 Vibration assessment Safety interventions Heavy equipment vehicles |
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