Alcohol is a predictor of mortality in motor vehicle collisions |
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| Institution: | 1. WHO Collaborating Centre for Viral Hepatitis VIDRL, Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;2. Hepatitis Research Centre, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;4. Coalition to Eradicate Viral Hepatitis in Asia Pacific, 058416 Singapore;1. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 4121 Wilson Boulevard, 6th floor Arlington, VA 22203, United States;2. Westat, Inc., 1600 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850, United States;1. School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University, 101 Kearney Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;2. School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, 229 Reed Lodge, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;1. Department of Management, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;2. Research Organization for Regional Alliance, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan;3. Honda Motor Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Shin Sayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan;4. Nissho Electronics Corporation, 3-5, Nibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407;2. Wyoming Technology Transfer Center, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Dept. 3295, Laramie, WY 82071, United States |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionIt is well recognized that driving while intoxicated increases the probability of a motor-vehicle collision (MVC). The effect of alcohol on the chance of surviving the MVC is less clear. Method: Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) we conducted analyses for the outcome of mortality using alcohol and other variables as predictors. We also selected alcohol positive (AP) and alcohol negative (AN) persons from the same MVC and vehicle to control for confounding characteristics. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for mortality for alcohol positive drivers was 2.57, (p < 0.001 for all the following OR). Other harmful predictive factors were age OR 1.01 per year, vehicle age OR 1.05 per year, male sex OR 1.23, avoidance maneuver OR 1.09, speed related OR 2.89, rollover mechanism OR 2.75, and collision with a fixed object OR 6.70. Protective factors were proper restraint use – OR 0.19 and collision with another moving vehicle, OR 0.21. In the multivariate analysis the OR of mortality for AP vs AN was 1.46. Proper restraint use (OR 0.27) remained protective along with collision with another moving vehicle. When AP and AN persons from the same MVC and the same vehicle were compared, the adjusted OR’s for mortality were 1.46 and 2.08, respectively. Conclusions: Alcohol is an independent predictor of mortality in an MVC. Proper restraint use is the strongest protective factor. This finding allows a more complete understanding of the risks of driving while intoxicated, not only a higher probability of an MVC, but decreased survival once the MVC occurs. Practical Applications: Identification of alcohol as an independent predictor of mortality in an accident may improve risk assessment and influence drivers to avoid driving while intoxicated. |
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| Keywords: | Restraint Driver Passenger Risk Mechanism Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) |
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