多驱动力作用下高层建筑火灾烟气输运规律研究现状

高层建筑发生火灾后,火灾烟气会在多种驱动力的作用下从着火房间迅速蔓延扩散至整栋建筑,严重威胁建筑内人员的生命安全。因此,控制建筑内烟气蔓延是建筑消防安全的一项重要内容。该文对热浮力、烟囱效应和室外风作用下建筑内火灾烟气输运规律进行分析,较系统地总结了这三种驱动力作用下火灾烟气输运的国内外研究成果,指出了以往研究的一些不足之处。根据国内外相关工作的研究进展及当前需要,对今后高层建筑火灾烟气输运规律的主要研究内容提出了几点展望。

A review on research of multi-driving forces for the smoke movement in high-rise buildings

During a high-rise building fire, smoke spreads rapidly to other parts of the building under the effects of multi-driving forces, and seriously threatens the lives of the people in the building. So it is one of the most important parts of the building fire safety design to control the smoke movement in high-rise buildings. In this paper, the laws of the smoke movement under the effect of thermal buoyancy, stack effect and wind pressure in buildings are analyzed, the researches on the laws at home and abroad are summarized, and a number of deficiencies of the researches are pointed out. According to the research progress on the domestic and international related work and current needs, some prospects of the research on the smoke movement in high-rise buildings are proposed.