Evaluation of thermal reaction for two azo compounds by using 20-L apparatus and calorimetry
Institution:
1. Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University Science and Technology (YunTech), 123, University Rd. Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Ammunition Engineering and Explosion Technology, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 168 Taifeng Street, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China;3. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28, Xianning West Rd., Xi''an, Shaanxi 710049, China;4. Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, YunTech, Douliou, Taiwan, ROC;1. Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques, PARC ALATA, BP2, Verneuil-en-Halatte, 60550, France;2. Sorbonne Universities, Technological Univ. of Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR Centre Pierre Guillaumat, Compiègne, 60200, France
Abstract:
Azo compounds are widely involved in the industrial processes of dyes, pigments, initiators, and blowing agents. Unfortunately, these compounds have a bivalent unstable –NN– composition, which can be readily broken when the ambient temperature is elevated. Self-accelerating decomposition might cause a runaway reaction and lead to a fire, explosion, or leakage when the cooling system fails or other events occur. This study investigated the explosion properties, thermal stability parameters, and thermal hazard and mechanism of 2,2′–azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and 2,2′–azobis–2–methylbutyronitrile (AMBN). We used a 20-L apparatus, vent sizing package 2, synchronous thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry under explosive, adiabatic, and dynamic conditions to acquire the explosive curves, thermal curves, and thermodynamic parameters of the substances. Moreover, the differential isoconversional method (Friedman method) and ASTM E698 equation were employed to obtain the apparent activation energy Ea. All the experimental results revealed that AIBN is more dangerous than AMBN. The Ea of AIBN was lower than that of AMBN. The results can be used to construct an azo compound thermal hazard database for use for searches and reference examples by industry and related research areas.
N– composition, which can be readily broken when the ambient temperature is elevated. Self-accelerating decomposition might cause a runaway reaction and lead to a fire, explosion, or leakage when the cooling system fails or other events occur. This study investigated the explosion properties, thermal stability parameters, and thermal hazard and mechanism of 2,2′–azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and 2,2′–azobis–2–methylbutyronitrile (AMBN). We used a 20-L apparatus, vent sizing package 2, synchronous thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry under explosive, adiabatic, and dynamic conditions to acquire the explosive curves, thermal curves, and thermodynamic parameters of the substances. Moreover, the differential isoconversional method (Friedman method) and ASTM E698 equation were employed to obtain the apparent activation energy Ea. All the experimental results revealed that AIBN is more dangerous than AMBN. The Ea of AIBN was lower than that of AMBN. The results can be used to construct an azo compound thermal hazard database for use for searches and reference examples by industry and related research areas.