Phast validation of discharge and atmospheric dispersion for pressurised carbon dioxide releases |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemical Machinery and Safety, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;2. School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK;4. INERIS, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP 2, Verneuil-en-Halatte 60550, France;1. Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, School of Process, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;2. INERIS, Department PHDS, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France;3. GexCon AS, PO Box 6015, Bergen Bedriftssenter, NO-5892 Bergen, Norway;4. School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK;6. Health & Safety Laboratory, Harpur Hill, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK;7. National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Molecular Thermodynamics and Modelling of Materials Laboratory, GR-153 10 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece;1. Fluidyn Consultancy (P) Ltd, 146, Ring Road, Sector 5, HSR Layout, Bangalore-560102, India;2. Fluidyn France,7 Boulevard de la Liberation, Saint Denis-93200, France;3. GDFSuez,361 avenue du Président Wilson, 93211 Saint-Denis La Plaine Cedex, France;4. Entrepose Contracting,165 Boulevard de Valmy, Colombes-92700, France;1. School of Chemical Machinery and Safety, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;2. School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;3. Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation, Dongying, 257026, China;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK;1. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;2. School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK |
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| Abstract: | The consequence modelling package Phast examines the progress of a potential incident from the initial release to the far-field dispersion including the modelling of rainout and subsequent vaporisation. The original Phast discharge and dispersion models allow the released substance to occur only in the vapour and liquid phases. The latest versions of Phast include extended models which also allow for the occurrence of fluid to solid transition for carbon dioxide (CO2) releases.As part of two projects funded by BP and Shell (made publicly available via CO2PIPETRANS JIP), experimental work on CO2 releases was carried out at the Spadeadam site (UK) by GL Noble Denton. These experiments included both high-pressure steady-state and time-varying cold releases (liquid storage) and high-pressure time-varying supercritical hot releases (vapour storage). The CO2 was stored in a vessel with attached pipework. At the end of the pipework a nozzle was attached, where the nozzle diameter was varied.This paper discusses the validation of Phast against the above experiments. The flow rate was predicted accurately by the Phast discharge models (within 10%; considered within the accuracy at which the BP experimental data were measured), and the concentrations were found to be predicted accurately (well within a factor of two) by the Phast dispersion model (UDM). This validation was carried out with no fitting whatsoever of the Phast extended discharge and dispersion models. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon dioxide Consequence modelling Model validation Discharge Atmospheric dispersion Thermodynamics |
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