Research on flow assurance of deepwater submarine natural gas pipelines: Hydrate prediction and prevention |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249 Beijing, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249 Beijing, PR China;3. China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249 Beijing. PR China;1. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;2. CNPC XiBu Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Urumqi 830000, China;3. Institute of Offshore Oil & Gas and Hydrate Research, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA;2. Petroleum Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, CO, 80401, USA;1. Offshore Petroleum Engineering Research Center, School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;2. Planning Department, China National Petroleum Corporation Offshore Engineering Company Limited, Beijing 100028, China;1. Center for Hydrate Research, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1600 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA;2. Department of Petroleum Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1600 Arapahoe St., Golden, CO 80401, USA;1. Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Safety, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China;2. College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China;1. College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum - Beijing, 102249, Beijing, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, 102249, Beijing, PR China;3. College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum - Beijing, 102249, Beijing, PR China;4. China University of Petroleum,Beijing, 102249, Beijing, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The formation of hydrate will lead to serious flow assurance problems in deepwater submarine natural gas transmission pipelines. However, the accurate evaluation model of the hydrate blocking risk for submarine natural gas transportation is still lacking. In this work, a novel model is established for evaluating the hydrate risk in deepwater submarine gas pipelines. Based on hydrate growth-deposition mechanism, the mathematical model mainly consists of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations. Meantime, the model results are obtained by finite difference method and iterative technique. Finally, the model has been applied in the production of deepwater gas field (L Gas Field) in China, and the sensitivity analysis of relevant parameters has been carried out. The results show that: (a). The mathematical model can well predict the hydrate blockage risk in deepwater natural gas pipelines after verification. (b). Hydrate is easily formed at the intersection of horizontal pipeline and vertical riser, and the maximum blocking position often occurs in middle of the riser. (c). The hydrate blockage degree and length of hydrate formation region (HFR) decrease with the increase of gas transport rate. (d). The hydrate blockage degree and length of HFR decrease with the increase of gas transport temperature. (e). The hydrate blockage degree and length of HFR increase with the extension of horizontal pipeline. (f). Injecting inhibitors can effectively inhibit hydrate formation and blockage, but the improvement of transmission measures can significantly reduce the dosage of inhibitor. It is concluded that measures such as increasing gas transportation rate and temperature, shortening horizontal pipeline length, optimizing inhibitor injection point and injection rate can play a safe, economic and efficient role in hydrate preventing and controlling. |
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| Keywords: | Deepwater Submarine gas pipelines Flow assurance Hydrate blockage Hydrate prevention and control |
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