On the mechanism of a BLEVE occurrence due to fire engulfment of tanks with overheated liquids |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Iran;2. Department of Energy Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino n.2, 56126 Pisa, Italy;2. LISES, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Terracini n.28, 40131 Bologna, Italy;3. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, McLaughlin Hall 202A, Queen''s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6, Canada;1. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China;2. Beijing Academy of Safety Science and Technology, 100070 Bejing, China;3. Petroleum Production Technology Research Institute, Petro China Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan, China;1. Centre for Studies on Technological Risk (CERTEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;2. Murcia Fire Service, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion) effect that involves the formation of a fireball occurs at the engulfment by fire of a tank with a highly flammable liquid or a liquid gas. Heating of the tank causes elevation of the liquid phase temperature and pressure inside the tank. A partial rupture of the dry tank walls is possible, with the formation of a rarefaction wave propagating into the liquid phase. An evaporation wave moves after the rarefaction wave and cause a rapid increase of pressure, exceeding the initial pressure before depressurization. Rapid violent destruction of the tank occurs. The mechanism of a BLEVE initiation is considered using Van der Waals isotherms. The following criterion for the possibility of a BLEVE was formulated. If the final state is located on an unstable part of the Van der Waals isotherm, a BLEVE takes place. Limiting values of the temperatures for overheating of certain highly flammable liquids and liquid gases (propane, n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane) were calculated using the proposed method, and were found to be in good agreement with experimental data available in the literature. |
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| Keywords: | BLEVE Overheated liquid Fire engulfment of tank |
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