空气幕对城际铁路地下车站火灾烟气控制数值分析

为将空气幕作为城际铁路地下车站控烟措施提供理论依据，进而为地下车站防灾控烟设计提供新思路，以某典型城际铁路地下车站岛式站台层为依托，采用火灾动力学三维模拟软件FDS建立全尺寸火灾模型，对比单吹式、吹吸式空气幕布置于站台与轨行区间时楼梯及站台处温度及可见度分布规律，并分别对单吹式、吹吸式空气幕的射流风速、射流角度进行了参数优化研究。结果表明:单吹式、吹吸式空气幕均可保证火灾下楼梯区域可见度和温度的安全性要求；单吹式在射流风速为12 m/s且射流角度为10°时，吹吸式在射流风速为8 m/s时，防烟效果良好且趋于稳定；采用单吹式的最小站台危险区域较吹吸式长15 m，建议在城际铁路地下车站中选用吹吸式空气幕。

Numerical analysis on influence of air curtain on smoke control of fire in underground station of intercity railway

In order to provide theoretical basis for using the air curtain as the smoke control measure in the underground station of intercity railway,thus provide a new idea for the hazard prevention and smoke control design of underground station,taking a typical island platform in the underground station of a intercity railway as the background,a full scale fire model was established by using the three dimension simulation software Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS).The diffusion laws of temperature and visibility at the stairs and platform when the single blowing air curtain and blow draw air curtain was laid between platform and track area respectively were compared,and the parameters optimization was conducted on the jet wind velocity and jet angle of single blowing air curtain and blow draw air curtain respectively.The results showed that both the single blowing air curtain and blow draw air curtain could ensure the safety requirements of visibility and temperature in the stairs area during the fire.When the jet wind velocity was 12 m/s and the jet angle was 10° with the single blowing air curtain,and when the jet wind velocity was 8 m/s with the blow draw air curtain,the effect of smoke prevention was good and tended to be stable.The minimum hazardous area of platform with the single blowing air curtain was 15 m longer than that with the blow draw air curtain,so the blow draw air curtain was recommended to be used in the underground station of intercity railway.