社会资本对山区居民山洪灾害应急避险能力的影响研究*

为研究社会资本对山区居民应急避险能力的影响，在广泛调研的基础上采用结构方程模型分析社会资本与山区居民应急避险能力各要素之间的作用关系。结果表明:个人网络对避险知识和避险意识有显著的正向影响，对避险行为影响不显著；信任与避险知识和避险意识呈显著的正向影响，而与避险行为呈反向影响，但信任可以通过避险知识和避险意识间接正向影响避险行为；互惠对避险知识影响不显著，但互惠与避险意识和避险行为存在显著的正向关系；避险知识和避险意识对避险行为呈显著正向影响，其中避险意识对避险行为影响更为显著。因此可以通过增加山区居民社会资本的方式提高山区居民山洪灾害应急避险能力。

Research on impact of social capital on emergency avoidance capability of mountainous residents in case of mountain torrents disaster

In order to study the impact of social capital on the emergency avoidance capability of mountainous residents,on the basis of extensive survey,the action relationship between the social capital and various elements of the emergency avoidance capability of mountainous residents was analyzed by using the structural equation model.The results showed that the personal network had significant positive impact on the avoidance knowledge and avoidance awareness,without significant impact on the avoidance behavior.The trust had significant positive relationship with the avoidance knowledge and avoidance awareness,while negative relationship with the avoidance behavior,but the trust could indirectly affect the avoidance behavior positively through the avoidance knowledge and avoidance awareness.The reciprocity had no significant impact on the avoidance knowledge,but it had significant positive relationship with the avoidance awareness and avoidance behavior.The avoidance knowledge and avoidance awareness had significant positive impact on the avoidance behavior,especially the avoidance awareness.Therefore,the emergency avoidance capability of mountainous residents in case of mountain torrents disaster could be improved by increasing the social capital of mountainous residents.