基于鱼骨图和层次分析法的石油静电事故影响因素分析

针对石油静电事故影响因素的复杂性、多层次性和不确定性的特点，采用鱼骨图分析法，找出了引发石油静电事故的影响因素，确定出6个主因素、25个子因素的石油静电事故评价指标体系。应用层次分析法确定了各个影响因素的重要程度，分析出导致石油静电事故的重要因素。结果表明，6个主因素中，隶属于生产操作工艺和安全生产管理的操作错误、人体静电和接地故障3个主因素权重之和高达0.792，是引发石油静电事故的主导因素；子因素中预防的重点应放在喷溅式装卸油、化纤品与人体摩擦和接地线损坏方面。鱼骨图分析法和层次分析法的联合应用，合理地解决了石油静电事故影响因素分析难题，具有一定的推广应用价值。

Analysis on influence factors of electrostatic accidents in oil industry based on fishbone diagram and AHP

According to the characteristics of complexity, diversity and uncertainty about the influence factors of electrostatic accidents in oil industry, the influencing factors leading to electrostatic accident in oil industry were identified by adopting fishbone diagram method, and an assessment index system of oil electrostatic accidents was determined, which included 6 main factors and 25 sub factors. The AHP method was used to obtain the significance level of each factor, and the key factors leading to the accident were analyzed. The results showed that in the 6 main factors, the sum of weights of 3 main factors being attached to production operation process and work safety management, including the operation mistake, human static electricity and ground fault, is up to 0.792, and they are the dominant factors leading to oil electrostatic accidents. The prevention emphasis of sub factors should be placed on splashing oil loading and unloading, friction between chemical fiber and human body, and grounding line damage. The combined application of fishbone diagram and AHP solves the difficult problem of influence factor analysis on electrostatic accidents in oil industry reasonably, and it has a certain value of popularization and application.