超音速气动液滴荷电雾化及降尘性能试验研究*

为探究煤炭生产过程中呼吸性粉尘难以捕捉且对人体造成伤害的问题，提出超音速水雾荷电降尘技术。基于荷电雾化机理，研究电极环直径、电极间距、电压3因素对超音速气动液滴荷电、雾化效果的影响。利用网状目标法测量雾滴群电流并计算荷质比，采用SPSS软件分析3因素与雾滴荷质比之间的相关性，并用激光粒度仪测量雾滴粒径。最后，采用最优荷电雾化参数进行喷雾降尘试验。研究结果表明:各因素对荷电效果的影响次序为:电压>电极间距>电极环直径；雾滴粒径随电压的升高而减小，随电极间距的增大先增大后减小，随电极环直径的增大先减小后增大；当电压12 kV，电极间距2.5 cm，电极环直径6 cm时，超音速荷电水雾降尘效果最佳，与普通水雾降尘相比，全尘降尘效率提高12.4%，呼尘降尘效率提高49.6%。

Experimental study on charged atomization and dust reduction performance of supersonic pneumatic droplets

Aiming at the problem that the respirable dust is difficult to capture and causes harm to human body in the process of coal production,a supersonic water mist charged dust reduction technology was proposed.Based on the charged atomization mechanism,the influence of electrode ring diameter,electrode spacing and voltage on the charging and atomization effect of supersonic pneumatic droplets was studied.The network target method was used to measure the droplet group current and calculate the charge-to-mass ratio,then the SPSS software was used to analyze the correlation between the three factors and the droplet charge-to-mass ratio,and the laser particle sizer was used to measure the droplet size.Finally,the optimal charged atomization parameters were used to carry out the experiments of spray dust reduction.The results showed that the influence order of each factor on the charging effect was: voltage > electrode spacing > electrode ring diameter.The droplet size decreased with the increase of voltage,while increased first and then decreased with the increase of electrode spacing,and decreased first and then increased with the increase of electrode ring diameter.When the voltage was 12 kV,the electrode spacing was 2.5 cm and the electrode ring diameter was 6 cm,the dust reduction effect of supersonic charged water mist was the best.Compared with ordinary water mist,the dust reduction efficiency of whole dust increased by 12.4% and the dust reduction efficiency of respirable dust increased by 49.6%.