突发性客流地铁站点的疏散设计优化研究*

为提升突发性客流地铁站点疏散效率，以武汉市某地铁站为研究对象，采用数值模拟方法，分析不同期间节点下的疏散状况，选择最不利的典型工况（节假日A3）进行特征分析。研究结果表明:站台层拥堵时间大于站厅层拥堵时间，站台层疏散口为疏散瓶颈区；对站台层疏散口的位置与朝向进行调整，优化后疏散效率提高9.3%；验证合理增加高选择度站厅层出入口宽度等优化措施效果，发现以上策略具有一定可操作性和推广性，研究结果可为定量评估地铁站疏散能力提供参考。

Study on optimization of evacuation design for subway station with sudden passenger flow

In order to improve the evacuation efficiency of subway station in case of sudden passenger flow,taking a subway station in Wuhan as the research object,the numerical simulation method was used to analyze the evacuation conditions under different period nodes,and the most unfavorable typical working condition (holiday A3) was selected for characteristic analysis.The results showed that the congestion time at the platform floor was greater than that at the station hall floor,and the evacuation entrance at the platform floor was the evacuation bottleneck area.The spatial layout of evacuation entrances at the platform floor was adjusted,and the evacuation efficiency increased by 9.3% after optimization.The effect of optimization measures such as reasonably increasing the width of entrances and exits at the station hall floor with high selectivity was verified,and it was found that the above strategies were operable and generalizable.The results can provide reference for quantitatively assessing the evacuation capacity of subway stations.