多维公平测度下考虑灾民心理痛苦效应的应急资源调配*

为有效降低灾后初期应急资源短缺情况下灾民生理和心理受到的伤害，提出等待效应和短缺效应衡量救援过程中的灾民心理痛苦效应，同时耦合时间和供需情况2个维度测度救援过程中的公平性指标，构建调度总时间最短、时间攀比最小和灾民心理痛苦效应最低的多目标应急资源调配模型，研究多灾点、多配送中心、多种类物资救援场景下的应急资源分配和路径规划决策选择问题。应用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对模型求解，以新冠疫情下武汉市医疗物资调度为算例分析验证模型的有效性。结果表明:模型和算法能有效减少供不应求情况下的灾民心理痛苦效应，保证救援活动的公平性，能得到不同目标偏好下的应急资源调配方案。

Emergency resource allocation considering psychological pain effect of disaster victims under multi-dimensional fairness measurement

In order to effectively reduce the physical and psychological damage suffered by the disaster victims under the condition of shortage of emergency resources in the early post-disaster period,the waiting effect and shortage effect were proposed to measure the psychological pain effect of the victims in the rescue process,and the two dimensions of time and supply & demand were coupled to measure the fairness index in the rescue process.A multi-objective emergency resource allocation model with the shortest total scheduling time,the smallest time comparison,and the lowest psychological pain effect of the victims was constructed,and the issues of emergency resource allocation and route planning decision-making selection under the rescue scenarios of multiple disaster sites,multiple distribution centers and multiple types of materials were studied.The NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used to solve the model,and the effectiveness of the model was analyzed and verified by taking the medical supplies scheduling in Wuhan under the Novel coronavirus pneumonia as an example.The results showed that the model and algorithm could effectively reduce the psychological pain effect of disaster victims under the situation of short supply,ensure the fairness of rescue activities,and obtain emergency resource allocation plans under different target preferences.