基于HAZOP分析的加氢装置工程设计方法

加氢装置属甲类火灾、爆炸危险生产装置。为了在设计阶段尽可能消除或控制潜在风险,本文总结了多套加氢装置HAZOP分析报告中的设备类别及其分析内容,提出了基于危险与可操作性(HAZOP)分析的加氢装置工程设计方法。在传统工程设计方法的基础上增加了参数敏感性工程设计方法,依据分析报告中的设计建议,利用ASPEN软件计算过程参数变化对目标参数的影响程度,确定参数稳定操作区域;建立了数据库管理界面实现了加氢装置工程安全设计经验知识的有序管理。应用基于HAZOP分析的加氢装置工程设计方法,有助于将安全隐患问题在设计阶段消除或加以控制,可为降低石化装置改造成本和提高装置的安全水平提供方法依据。

Engineering design approach based on HAZOP analysis method for hydrogenation unit

Hydrogenation unit is ranked as the first dangerous production equipment in fire and explosion grade. In order to eliminate or control risk in the design period, this paper summarizes equipment types and analysis content from the HAZOP analysis reports of different hydrogenation units, and presents an engineering design approach based on the HAZOP analysis method for a hydrogenation unit. HAZOP analysis has been widely used in chemical process industries. In an analysis process, P＆ID should be examined by a multi-disciplinary team of experts systematically, and all conceivable deviations far from design intentions in the plant can be identified and all the possible abnormal causes and the adverse consequences of those deviations can be determined. Compared with the traditional engineering design method, parameter sensitivity engineering design method has been added. The influence extent of some parameter variations to the object parameters should be computed by the ASPEN program to determine the steady operation region according to the design suggestions offered in the analysis reports, and a database could be established to regularly manage experience knowledge for the engineering safety design. Therefore, application of the engineering design approach based on the HAZOP analysis method for the hydrogenation unit may help to eliminate or control risk in the design period and will provide technical basis to reduce the reconstruct costs and improve the safety levels of the petrochemical devices.