化学改性空心微珠阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的研究

为了提高热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的阻燃性，以四氟硼酸盐离子液体对空心微珠进行化学改性，获得新型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料。采用锥形量热仪和烟密度测试仪测定分析新型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的阻燃、抑烟性能；探究化学改性后的空心微珠对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的阻燃与抑烟效果的影响，以及不同组分含量的改性空微珠对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的阻燃抑烟性能的影响。结果表明:采用四氟硼酸盐离子液体进行化学改性的空心微珠能够明显改善热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的阻燃性能；添加以四氟硼酸盐离子液体进行化学改性的空心微珠的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料具有一定的抑烟效果，其抑烟性能虽不如添加单一空心微珠的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料，但优于纯热塑性聚氨酯弹性体材料；相比于添加单一空心微珠的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料，添加化学改性空心微珠的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的抑烟效果下降幅度低于阻燃效果的增强幅度，改性后的复合材料阻燃抑烟总体效果强于未改性的复合材料，改性空心微珠含量越高，总体效果越好。

Study on flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with chemically modified hollow microspheres

In order to improve the flame retardancy of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and reduce its potential safety hazard, a new flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composite was obtained by chemical modification of hollow microspheres with Ionic liquid of tetrafluoroborate. The properties of flame retardancy and smoke suppression of the new thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composites were analyzed by cone calorimeter and smoke density meter. The effects of chemically modified hollow microspheres on flame retardant and smoke suppression of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer were investigated, and the effects of different content of modified hollow microspheres on flame retardancy and suppression properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composites were studied. The results show that the hollow microspheres modified by Ionic liquid of tetrafluoroborate can obviously enhance the flame-retardant properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer . After modification, although the effect of smoke suppression is slightly weakened, its amplitude is lower than that of the flame-retardant effect. Therefore, the overall effect of modified is better than that without modification, and the higher the hollow microspheres content, the stronger the effect.