大面积停电下配电网重要用户的应急供电策略研究

为研究电网较长时间停电环境下应急发电车与发电燃油供应协同优化调度问题，首先在电力公司管理现状基础上，通过对重要用户识别分析，按照是否自行配备发电机将重要用户进行分类，针对已经配备发电机的用户，重点考虑周期性供应燃油，对未配备发电机的用户，电力公司需紧急调度有限移动应急发电车，据此构建2阶段的移动应急发电车和油料供应模型以保证重要用户的紧急供电不会中断（第1阶段为电力公司应急发电车指派，第2阶段为加油站油料补充分配）。然后，将该调度问题转化为移动应急发电车指派问题和运油车路径问题的非线性混合模型，针对非线性目标函数和约束条件，通过引入大M法和变量替换进行线性化，得到混合整数线性规划，最小化负荷损失和成本为目标。最后，以某市电网重要用户为例，验证上述模型有效性，并通过原模型与聚类模型对比强调有限移动应急发电车的有效利用具备一定重要性。研究结果对电网公司保障应急供电具有重要指导意义。

Research on emergency power supply strategy for important users of distribution network under large area blackout

In order to study the coordinated optimal scheduling of emergency power generation vehicles and power generation fuel supply under the scenario of long-term power outages of power grid,firstly,based on the current management situation of power companies,the important users were classified according to whether they were equipped with generators by themselves through identifying and analyzing the important users.For the users who were equipped with generators,the periodic fuel supply was considered with emphasis,and for the users who were not equipped with generators,the power companies needed to urgently dispatch the limited mobile emergency power generation vehicles.Accordingly,a two-stage model of mobile emergency power generation vehicle and fuel supply was constructed to ensure that the emergency power supply of important users would not be interrupted.The first stage was the emergency power generation vehicle assignment of power company,and the second stage was the fuel supplement and allocation of gasoline filling station.Secondly,this coordinated optimal scheduling was transformed into a nonlinear mixed model of the assignment problem of mobile emergency power generation vehicles and the routing problem of fuel tankers.Aiming at the nonlinear objective function and constraint conditions,the mixed integer linear programming was obtained by introducing the big M method and variable replacement to linearize,with the goal of minimizing load losses and costs.Finally,taking the important users of power grid in a city as example,the validity of the model was verified,and the importance of effective utilization of limited mobile emergency power generation vehicles was emphasized by comparing the original model with the clustering model.The results have important guiding significance for power grid companies to ensure the emergency power supply.