江苏农居建筑结构特征及抗震性能分析

开展了江苏农居建筑现场抽样调查及结构特征分析,总结了江苏1970年以来中强有感地震中典型建筑震害特征,并针对江苏现今农居典型结构开展了抗震性能及震害预测分析。结果表明:①江苏农居建筑结构类型以未设防砖混和砖木结构为主,以多层砌体和单层民宅居多。②位于6度区范围,土木结构建筑整体表现为中等—严重破坏,砖木结构建筑整体轻微—中等破坏,砖混结构整体基本完好;位于7度区范围,土木结构建筑整体严重破坏,砖木结构建筑整体中等—严重破坏,砖混结构轻微—中等破坏;位于8~9度区范围,土木和砖木结构建筑整体严重破坏—毁坏,砖混结构建筑整体中等—严重破坏,框架结构建筑整体基本完好或轻微破坏;位于10度区范围,框架结构建筑整体将中等破坏—严重破坏,其他结构建筑整体严重破坏甚至毁坏。③农居自建房时减少楼层层数、增加基本抗震设防措施,能有效减小建筑物整体震害指数。此外,建设和推广具有抗震设防措施的集中住宅区,能有效提高农居建筑整体抗震性能。

Analysis of Structural Characteristics of Rural Residential Buildings and Its Aseismic Performance in Jiangsu Province

According to the statistical data from field survey in rural areas of Jiangsu province, the structural features of rural residential buildings are analyzed. In addition, the overall seismic damage characteristics of rural residential buildings during several earthquakes in Jiangsu since 1970 are summarized. Finally, an analysis of the aseismic performance and earthquake damage prediction on the existing typical rural residential buildings in Jiangsu is carried out. The results show that: (1) The main rural residential buildings are undefended multi-story or single-story masonry buildings and brick-wood buildings. (2) In general, for the buildings at the areas of 6-degree earthquake intensity, soil-wood structural buildings will have medium-severe damage, and brick-wood structural buildings will have slight-medium damage. However brick masonry buildings will be basically intact. For 7-degree areas, soil-wood structural buildings will have severe damage, and brick-wood structural buildings will have medium-severe damage. For brick masonry buildings, there will be slight-medium damage. For 8-or 9-degree areas, soil-wood and brick-wood structural buildings will have severe damage or even be destroyed. Brick masonry buildings will have medium-severe damage, and frame structural buildings will be basically intact or have minor damage. For 10-degree areas, frame structural buildings will have medium-severe damage, while the other buildings will have severe damage or even be destroyed; (3) Reducing the number of floors and adding basic aseismic measures can effectively reduce the overall earthquake damage factor of buildings. Besides, the construction and popularization of centralized residential buildings with aseismic measures can effectively improve the overall aseismic performance of rural residential buildings.