混凝土与钢筋混凝土结构抗火抗冲击研究评述

火灾高温和爆炸冲击荷载会对工程结构造成严重的破坏,二者通常相伴发生,对工程结构产生的破坏更为剧烈。从混凝土材料和钢筋混凝土构件两个层面,分别综述了火灾高温与爆炸冲击荷载单独及联合作用对混凝土与钢筋混凝土结构影响的物理试验、理论分析与数值模拟方面的研究进展,发现现有研究工作的特点为:火灾高温/爆炸冲击单独作用研究多,耦合或联合作用研究少;试验研究工作多,理论分析与数值模拟工作少;宏观均质数值模型多,微/细观非均质数值模型少。建议今后开展火灾高温与冲击荷载联合作用下混凝土材料及钢筋混凝土构件物理试验研究,建立钢筋混凝土构件全过程响应研究的多尺度分析理论与数值模型,揭示钢筋混凝土构件的损伤破坏机理,为灾后损伤评估及安全加固提供基本理论。

Review on Concrete and RC Structures Subjected to Fire and Impact Loadings

High temperatures induced by fire or impact loadings caused by explosion may lead to severe failure of engineering structures. In the actual project, fire and explosion usually take place concomitantly, resulting in a more intense damage of buildings. From the levels of material and members, the available experimental, theoretical and numerical efforts to study the separate or combined effect of fires and impact loadings on concretes and reinforced concrete (RC) members were reviewed. It has been found that the current investigations mostly focus on the separate effect of fire or explosive impact rather than the combined or coupled effect. The explorations were mainly conducted by using experimental methods instead of theoretical or numerical means. Most of the numerical analysis works were carried out based on macroscopic homogeneous models, without considering the micro/meso-scale heterogeneity. Finally, it is suggested that additional experimental tests on concrete material and RC members subjected to both fire and explosions should be conducted. Moreover, an accurate and efficient analysis theory and numerical model for the whole process response of concrete members from a mesoscopic viewpoint needs to be proposed. Therefore, the damage mechanism of RC members can be revealed, hence providing the basic theory for post-disaster damage assessment and safety strengthening.High temperatures induced by fire or impact loadings caused by explosion may lead to severe failure for engineering structures. In the actual project, fire and explosion usually take place concomitantly, resulting a more intense damage of buildings. From the levels of material and members, the available experimental, theoretical and numerical efforts to study the separate or combined effect of fires and impact loadings on concrete and reinforced concrete (RC) members were overviewed. It has been found thatthe current investigations mostly focus on the separate effect of fire or explosive impact rather than combined or coupled effect. The explorations were mainlyconducted by experimental methods instead of theoretical or numerical means. Most of the numerical analysis works were carried out based on macroscopic homogeneous models, without considering the micro/meso-scale heterogeneity. Finally, it is suggested that additional experimental tests on concrete material and RC members subjected to both fire and explosions should be conducted. Moreover, an accurate and efficient analysis theory and numerical model for whole process response of concrete members from the viewpoint of mesoscopic needs to be proposed. Therefore, the damage mechanism of RC members can be revealed, providing the basic theory for post-disaster damage assessment and safety strengthening.