自然灾害防治工程的理论及应用

中国是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一。从自然灾害防治的工程措施这一角度探讨了其理论基础,主要包括灾害地理学、灾害经济学、灾害生态学和灾害工程学。根据自然灾害防治工程的性质将其分为地质工程、水利工程、生态工程和海洋工程,并就每种类型的工程例举了一个典型的案例。

The Theory of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering and Its Application

The natural disaster in China is very serious and has caused many damages to life, property, environment and society. Natural disaster prevention and control is a systematic engineering for reducing economic losses caused by disaster and ensuring the social sustainable development. In this article, some basic theories of natural disaster prevention and control engineering are analyzed, which include disaster geography, disaster ecology, disaster economy and disaster engineering. Then according to its feature, the natural disaster prevention and control engineering is categorized into four types: geological project, water conservancy project, ecological project and oceanic project. At last, some successful examples of each type are introduced such as the control project of Lianziya dangerous rock mass and Huanglashi landslide in the Three Gorges area of Yangtze river, Doujiangyan water conservancy project, the protective forest systems in "Three Norths" and sea dike project. It is pointed out in the end that natural disaster prevention and control is a complex systematic engineering that requires cooperative work from diverse disciplines.