上海大雾气候特征及风险区划研究

大雾作为一种比较常见的灾害性天气,对交通运输和人体健康等都会造成严重的影响。基于上海市11个气象站1971-2000年的大雾数据和城市基础地理信息,利用地理信息系统和层次分析法,结合专家调查法,建立了上海市大雾风险的评价指标体系和权重,开展了上海市大雾的风险特征及地理区划研究,获得了1 km空间分辨率的上海大雾气候特征图、上海城市对大雾敏感性特征图和上海市大雾风险区划图。初步研究表明,这种方法对城市大雾评估和风险区划是可行的。

Climatic characteristics and risk regionalization of heavy fog in Shanghai

As a relative frequent disastrous weather phenomenon,heavy fog has great influence on transportation,human health and so on.Based on the heavy fog data from 11 meteorological stations in Shanghai Municipality during 1971-2000,and the urban basic geographic data of Shanghai Municipality,the index system and corresponding weight of heavy fog risk assessment was established and the risk characteristics and geographic regionalization of heavy fog in Shanghai Municipality was calculated and analyzed by using the methods of geographic information system(GIS),analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and Delphi technique.The climatic characteristic map,urban sensitivity map and risk regionalization map of heavy fog in Shanghai Municipality were obtained with a 1 km spatial resolution.The results indicate that the methods used for this study are suitable for the assessment and risk regionalization of heavy fog in cities.