地震灾害中的高压电气设备响应与易损性分析

在历次地震灾害中,高压电气设备通常最容易遭受振动破坏。为了研究地震灾害中高压电气设备的易损性,降低设备损坏带来的相应损失,引入对数正态分布方法,并在此基础上设计了设备损坏率计算方法,实现设备损坏率与地震烈度的关系曲线拟合。针对高压电气系统中的变压器、断路器与隔离开关三种关键设备,采用两种地震波共同对其进行地震位移响应分析,根据实验结果曲线,三类电气设备的位移响应均随着地震烈度呈增加趋势,其中变压器的位移响应最显著;根据设备易损性分析,依次得到设备损坏率与烈度关系曲线、损坏率密度曲线,结果进一步验证了在地震作用下,变压器是最容易遭受损坏的设备,引起其损坏的地震烈度最小,然后依次是断路器和隔离开关。通过地震灾害中各种电气设备的响应与易损性,可以有效提高设备的抗震性能。

Response and Vulnerability Analysis of High Voltage Electrical Equipment in Earthquake Disasters

In all the previous earthquake disasters, high voltage electrical equipment is usually the most vulnerable to vibration damage. In order to study the vulnerability of high-voltage electrical equipment in earthquake disaster and reduce the corresponding losses caused by equipment damage, the lognormal distribution method is introduced, and the calculation method of equipment damage rate is designed based on this method. The seismic displacement response of transformer, circuit breaker and disconnector in high voltage electrical system is analyzed by using two kinds of seismic waves. According to the experimental results, the displacement response of three kinds of electrical equipment increases with the seismic intensity, and the displacement response of transformer is the most significant. According to the analysis of equipment vulnerability, the curve of equipment damage rate and intensity and the curve of damage rate density are obtained in turn. The result further verifies that the transformer is the most vulnerable equipment to be damaged under earthquake, and the seismic intensity causing the damage is the smallest, followed by circuit breakers and disconnectors. Through the response and vulnerability of various electrical equipment in earthquake disaster, the seismic performance of the equipment can be effectively improved.