表面活性剂对土壤中石油污染物的解吸

采用4种表面活性剂解吸老化石油污染土壤中的污染物,对其解吸动力学特征及残油组分进行了分析。实验结果表明:在表面活性剂质量浓度相同(0.5 g/L)条件下,土壤中石油污染物解吸率的大小顺序为十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)曲拉通X-100(TX-100)吐温-80(TW-80)十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS);SDS的解吸率最高,经48 h累积解吸后土壤中石油污染物的解吸率为38.7%;表面活性剂对石油污染物的解吸动力学曲线用Elovich方程拟合,效果最好,相关系数为0.970 2~0.995 6;非离子表面活性剂(TX-100、TW-80)对石油污染物中饱和烃组分的解吸率优于阴离子表面活性剂(SDS、SDBS),而对芳香烃组分的解吸率不如阴离子表面活性剂。

Desorption of petroleum pollutants from soil in presence of surfactants

Four types of surfactants were used to desorb pollutants in aged oil contaminated soils,and their desorption kinetics and residual oil components were also studied. The experimental results showed that：Under the same mass concentration of surfactant（0.5 g/L）,the order of desorption rate of petroleum pollutants from soil was sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）> Triton X-100（TX-100）> Tween-80（TW-80）> sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）;Among them,the desorption rate by SDS was the highest,which reached to 38.7% after 48 h of desorption;The desorption kinetics curves of petroleum pollutants by the 4 surfactants fitted the Elovich equation well with 0.970 2-0.995 6 of correlation coefficient;The desorption rates of saturated hydrocarbon components in petroleum contaminants by nonionic surfactants（TX-100,TW-80）were superior to those by anionic surfactants（SDS,SDBS）,while the desorption rates of aromatic hydrocarbon components by nonionic surfactants were less than those by anionic surfactants.