超润湿性油水分离膜的研究进展

近年来,根据仿生原理,科研人员通过在材料表面构建微纳米结构成功研制出超润湿性材料,并将其用于含油污水的处理,展示出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了以金属网、有机微滤膜为基材,改性制备超亲水/超疏油和超疏水/超亲油油水分离膜的方法;总结了这些超润湿性材料在分离含油污水方面的优势、劣势及发展现状;展望了超润湿性油水分离膜领域的发展趋势。指出,超亲水/水下超疏油膜分离材料是未来重要的研究方向。

Research progress of membranes with super wettability for oil-water separation

In recent years,according to the principle of bionics,researchers have successfully developed super wettable materials by constructing micro-nanostructures on the surface of materials,and used them for treatment of oily wastewater,demonstrating a great application potential. In this paper,the methods for preparing superhydrophilic/ superoleophobic and superhydrophobic/superlipophilic oil-water separation membranes based on metal meshes and organic microfiltration membranes are reviewed. Respective advantages,disadvantages and development status of the super wettable materials for separation of oily wastewater are summarized,and their perspectives for further development are discussed. It is highlighted that superhydrophilic/underwater-superoleophobic separation membranes are one of the most significant research directions in the future.