溢油监测技术在石油石化企业环境风险防控中的应用

针对石油石化企业的溢油风险,提出企业在厂区雨水系统、外排口、涉水生产设施、环境敏感受体、溢油事故应急处置5类场景下的溢油监测需求,总结了溢油监测技术的类型和特点,介绍了可见光、红外、紫外、荧光、高光谱、微波辐射、雷达、电磁能量吸收等溢油监测技术的应用现状和优缺点。提出:企业溢油监测系统可分为企业内部溢油风险分级管控监测、企业边界的溢油风险报警监测、敏感环境监视的风险预警监测、溢油事故应急救援的溢油处置监测4个层次的运行模式。

Application of oil spill monitoring technology in environmental risk prevention and control of petroleum and petrochemical enterprises

In view of the oil spill risks of petroleum and petrochemical enterprises,the technical requirements of oil spill monitoring in 5 scenes of rainwater （drainage） system,outlet,water-related production facilities,environment-sensitive receptors and oil spill emergency disposal are put forward. The types and characteristics of oil spill monitoring technologies are summarized,and the application status and advantages and disadvantages of the oil spill monitoring technologies with visible light,infrared light,ultraviolet,fluorescence,hyperspectral,microwave radiometer,radar and electromagnetic energy absorption technology are introduced. It is proposed that the operation mode of oil spill monitoring system in enterprises can be divided into the following 4 levels：the graded monitoring for oil spill risk inside the enterprise,the alarm monitoring for oil spill risk around the enterprise boundary,the early-warning monitoring for oil risk of environment-sensitive receptors and the monitoring for dispose of oil spill emergency rescue.