Intercomparison of Numerical Urban Dispersion Models – Part I: Street Canyon and Single Building Configurations |
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Authors: | P Sahm P Louka M Ketzel E Guilloteau J-F Sini |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;(2) Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Nantes, France;(3) Department of Atmospheric Environment, National Environmental Research Institute, Roskilde, Denmark;(4) Institute of Hydromechanics, University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany |
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Abstract: | Microscale Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models havebecome an efficient and common simulation tool forassessment and prediction of air quality in urban areas.The proper validation of such a model is a crucialprerequisite for its practical application. Within theframework of the European research network TRAPOS a workinggroup on computational fluid dynamics modelling wasestablished and model intercomparison exercises werelaunched. Different Computational Fluid Dynamics Codes wereapplied for simulating the wind flow and pollutantconcentration patterns in several test cases. The aim ofthe present model intercomparison is (1) to assess andallocate the source of differences that appear whendifferent CFD codes using the same turbulence model areapplied to well defined test cases and (2) to improve theknowledge base for model development and application.Throughout the series of model applications coveringmanifold urban configurations, the overall agreementbetween the various models and experimental data is fair.In spite of quantitative differences between the variousnumerical results, the models are capable of reproducingthe flow patterns and dispersion characteristics observedin urban areas but they show significant differences forthe turbulent kinetic energy field that controls thedispersion of pollutants. |
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Keywords: | atmospheric dispersion modelling computational fluid dynamics dispersion near buildings microscale model intercomparison model validation street canyon traffic pollution |
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