Properties of Distillers Grains Composites: A Preliminary Investigation |
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Authors: | Vanessa Cheesbrough Kurt A Rosentrater Jerry Visser |
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Institution: | (1) USDA, ARS, North Central Agricultural Research Unit, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006, USA;(2) Department of Engineering Technology and Management, South Dakota State University, Solberg Hall Room 115A, Brookings, SD 57007, USA |
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Abstract: | Interest in renewable biofuel sources has intensified in recent years, leading to greatly increased production of ethanol
and its primary coproduct, Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS). Consequently, the development of new outlets for DDGS
has become crucial to maintaining the economic viability of the industry. In light of these developments, this preliminary
study aimed to determine the suitability of DDGS for use as a biofiller in low-cost composites that could be produced by rapid
prototyping applications. The effects of DDGS content, particle size, curing temperature, and compression on resulting properties,
such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, water activity, and color were evaluated for two adhesive bases. The composites
formed with phenolic resin glue were found to be greatly superior to glue in terms of mechanical strength and durability:
resin-based composites had maximum fiber stresses of 150–380 kPa, while glue composites had values between 6 kPa and 35 kPa;
additionally, glue composites experienced relatively rapid microbial growth. In the resin composites, both decreased particle
size and increased compression resulted in increased mechanical strength, while a moderate DDGS content was found to increase
flexural strength but decrease Young’s modulus. These results indicate that DDGS has the potential to be used in resin glue-based
composites to both improve flexural strength and improve potential biodegradability. |
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Keywords: | Biofillers Bioplastics Composites Mechanical properties Physical properties Testing |
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