Environmental Degradation of Blends of Atactic Poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] with Natural PHBV in Baltic Sea Water and Compost with Activated Sludge |
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Authors: | Maria Rutkowska Katarzyna Krasowska Aleksandra Heimowska Gra?yna Adamus Micha? Sobota Marta Musio? Henryk Janeczek Wanda Sikorska Andrej Krzan Ema ?agar Marek Kowalczuk |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland;(2) Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland;(3) Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia |
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Abstract: | Degradation of atactic poly(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (a-PHB) binary blends with natural poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV, 12 mol% of 3HV units), has been investigated and compared with plain PHBV in the compost containing
activated sludge and under marine exposure conditions in the dynamic water of the Baltic Sea. Characteristic parameters of
compost and the Baltic Sea water were monitored during the incubation period (6 weeks) and their influence on the degree of
biodegradation is discussed. After specified degradation times of the experiments the weight loss of the samples, surface
changes, changes in molecular weight and polydispersity as well as changes of the composition and thermo-mechanical properties
of the blends have been evaluated. Macroscopic observations of the samples were accompanied by investigations using optical
microscopy, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
and tensile testing. The degree of degradation of blends of a-PHB with PHBV depends on the blend composition and environmental
conditions. In both environments studied the weight loss of plain PHBV was more significant than changes the molecular weight.
In both environments only enzymatic degradation of the blends, which proceeds via surface erosion mechanisms, was observed
during the incubation period. |
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Keywords: | Atactic poly[(R S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] Natural poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Biodegradation Compost with activated sludge Baltic Sea water |
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