Continuous-feeding vermicomposting as a recycling management method to revalue tomato-fruit wastes from greenhouse crops |
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| Authors: | Manuel J Fernández-Gómez Rogelio Nogales Heribert Insam Esperanza Romero Marta Goberna |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;2. Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraβe 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy;2. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;1. Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;2. River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;3. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India;2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hisar, India;3. Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam, India;1. Vermiculture Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Department of Botany, V. V. Vanniaperumal College for Women (Autonomous), Virudhunagar 626 001, Tamil Nadu, India;4. Department of Zoology, Arumugam Pillai Seethai Ammal College, Tiruppattur 630 211, Tamil Nadu, India;5. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;6. Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong – Gu, Gyeonggi – Do 16227, South Korea;1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India;2. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India |
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| Abstract: | Huge quantities of discarded fruits generated from greenhouse crops represent a worldwide environmental problem. The aim of this work was to assess the efficiency of vermicomposting as a recycling management option for biotransforming tomato-fruit wastes from greenhouses into an organic nutrient-rich product available for agricultural purposes. A pilot vermireactor was constructed. It was provided with a manure layer, where an initial population of Eisenia fetida was introduced and fed continuously at a high organic loading rate (13.6 kg TOC m?3 wk?1) for 150 days. Vermicompost chemical and enzymatic parameters as well as the bacterial and fungal community structure were determined for 210 days (vermicomposting plus a maturation period). Earthworm biomass increased after 90 days, and then declined due to increasing pH, electrical conductivity and ammonium concentration. The temporal patterns of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, protease and urease were related to earthworm growth and the stabilization of organic matter. Bacterial DGGE profiles differed between the period of degradation of labile substrates and the maturation step. Fungal communities at the stage of maximum earthworm biomass differed most, suggesting a gut passage effect. The end product was chemically stable and enriched in nutrients, demonstrating that tomato-fruit wastes can be successfully vermicomposted into a valuable soil amendment. We suggest continuous-feeding vermicomposting as an environmentally sound management option for greenhouse wastes. |
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