Laboratory study on the leaching potential of spent alkaline batteries |
| |
| Authors: | Susana M Xará Julanda N Delgado Manuel F Almeida Carlos A Costa |
| |
| Institution: | 1. College of Biotechnology, Portuguese Catholic University, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;2. Intervir Mais, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;3. Laboratory of Processes, Environment and Energy Engineering, Engineering Faculty of Porto University, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;1. Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;2. Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran;1. Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Miljøvej 113, 2500 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;2. Econet A/S, Strandboulevarden 122, 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark;1. Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Kreder 2805, CP S3080HOF Esperanza, Argentina;2. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), PO Box 09, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Isótopos Estáveis, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), USP, PO Box 96, CEP 13416-000 Piracicaba, Brazil;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA;1. Pla.Pi.Mu-Planta Piloto Multipropósito, (CICPBA-UNLP) Cno. Centenario y 505, M.B. Gonnet, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas, “Dr. J. Ronco” CINDECA (CONICET CCT La Plata), 47 N°257, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| |
| Abstract: | Four different leaching tests were carried out with spent alkaline batteries as an attempt to quantify the environmental potential burdens associated with landfilling. The tests were performed in columns filled up with batteries either entire or cross-cut, using either deionized water or nitric acid solution as leachant. In a first set of tests, the NEN 7343 standard procedure was followed, with leachant circulating in open circuit from bottom to top through columns. These tests were extended to another leaching step where leachant percolated the columns in a closed loop process.Leachate solutions were periodically sampled and pH, conductivity, density, redox potential, sulphates, chlorides and heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl and Zn) were determined in the samples.The results showed that the total amount of substances leached in tests with cross-cut batteries was higher than with entire ones; zinc and sulphates were the substances found the most in the leachate solutions. In general, the amount of substances dissolved in open circuit is higher than in closed loop due to the effect of solution saturation and the absence of fresh solution addition.Results were compared with metal contents in the batteries and with legal limits for acceptance in landfill (Decision 2003/33/CE and Decree-Law 152/2002). None of the metals were meaningfully dissolved comparatively to its content in the batteries, except Hg. Despite the differences in the experiment procedure used and the one stated in the legislation (mixing, contact time and granulometry), the comparison of results obtained with cross-cut batteries using deionized water with legal limits showed that batteries studied could be considered hazardous waste. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
