废旧冰箱拆解聚氨酯泡沫塑料制备PU/PP复合材料

利用废旧冰箱拆解的聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PU)和聚丙烯(PP)、聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为原料,采用物理化学回收技术制备PU/PP复合材料。用正交实验法分析PU填充量、PU粒径和PP-g-MAH 3个因素对PU/PP复合材料力学性能影响的显著性。结果表明,PU填充量对PU/PP复合材料拉伸性能有显著影响,对冲击性能和弯曲性能没有显著影响;在本文的实验范围内,PU粒径对PU/PP复合材料的力学性能影响不大;而PP-g-MAH投加量对PU/PP复合材料具有一定的影响。确定的优化工艺配方为:PU 40%;PU粒径选择2.00 mm;PP-g-MAH投加量10%。采用优化工艺制备的PU/PP复合材料的密度为1 042.88 kg/m3;冲击强度为2.9 kJ/m2;拉伸强度为10.30 MPa;拉伸模量为1 100 MPa;弯曲强度为18.5 MPa;弯曲模量为733 MPa。

PU/PP composite material fabricating from polyurethane foam of scrap refrigerator

With physical and chemical method, PU/PP composites were prepared by the PU from scrap refrigerators and PP, PP-g-MAH as raw materials. Orthogonal experiment was adopted to statistically analyze the influence of the filling quantity of PU, the dimension of PU and the percentage of PP-g-MAH. The results showed that the influence of the filling quantity of PU on the tensile properties was significant, while had less significant on the bending properties and the impact strength. In this study, the dimension of PU had a minor influence on the mechanical properties of PU/PP composites. The percentage of PP-g-MAH had a certain influence. The optimized formula was that the filling quantity of PU was 40%, the dimension of PU was >2.00 mm, and the percentage of PP-g-MAH was 10%. The mechanical properties of the PU/PP composites prepared according to the optimized formula were as follows: density of 1 042.88 kg/m³, impact strength of 2.9 kJ/m², tensile strength of 10.30 MPa, tensile modulus of 1 100 MPa, bending strength of 18.5 MPa, bending modulus of 733 MPa, respectively.