农药对藻类的生态毒理学研究Ⅱ:毒性机理及其富集和降解

随着对农药污染认识的深入，农药对生态系统的初级生产者———藻类毒性以及毒性机制的研究不断增多。农药对藻类的毒性在于破坏藻类生物膜的结构和功能、影响藻类的光合作用、改变呼吸作用以及固氮作用，影响藻类的生理进程并改变其生化组分。开展农药对藻类毒性机理的研究，揭示农药结构—活性关系，对农药的研制和应用，评价农药的生态风险，减少农药对藻类的毒害是重要的。在自然环境中还发现藻能富集和降解农药。因此，对于这些藻来说，农药对藻类的毒害作用和藻类对农药的富集和降解作用可能同时存在。本文综述了农药对藻类的毒性机理以及藻类对农药的富集和降解作用。

STUDY ON ECOTOXICOLOGY FOR PESTICIDES TO ALGAE II:TOXIC MECHANISM AND ACCUMULATION, DEGRADATION

As pollution of pesticides is known more heavier, more attentions are paid to pesticides toxicity to algae, primary producer of ecosystem, and their toxic mechanism. Toxicity of pesticides to algae lies in destroying structure and function of algal bio-membrane, affecting photosynthesis, respiration and fixing nitrogen. Pesticides affect algal physiological and biochemical composition too. Study on toxic mechanism of algae is important to evaluating pesticides hazard. It is found that algae can accumulating and degrading pesticides in nature. To some algae, pesticides influencing to algae and algae accumulating, degrading pesticides maybe product at same time. This paper reviewed pesticides toxic mechanism to algae and the role of algae on pesticides' accumulation and degradation.