盐度变化对SBR中硝化作用的动态影响研究

针对含氨氮废水，研究了逐步提高盐度（以氯离子浓度计）驯化活性污泥过程、淡水活性污泥受到一定盐度冲击过程以及经过30 000 mg Cl/L驯化后的活性污泥在盐度波动时对SBR反应器中亚硝化和硝酸化过程的影响。研究结果表明:在逐步提高盐度驯化的过程中，NH⁺₄-N的降解速率在盐度提高为15 000 mg Cl/L时先降低后升高，当盐度为25 000 mg Cl/L时，反应周期末有大量的NO^-₂-N累积，当盐度高达30 000 mg Cl/L时， NH⁺₄N的降解速率仍然维持在一定水平，这说明硝酸化过程比亚硝化过程更容易受到高盐度的抑制。而在冲击实验中，当淡水活性污泥受到20 000 mg Cl/L盐度冲击时，即使经过长时间的驯化后亚硝化过程仍然受到较大的抑制，且反应周期末有大量NO^-₂-N累积，当受到30 000 mg Cl/L盐度冲击时硝化作用几乎完全被抑制。经过30 000 mg Cl/L驯化后的活性污泥的硝化作用对盐度波动具有较强的适应性。

Dynamic effect of salinity changed on nitrification in SBR

In the light of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the process of acclimating activated sludge by gradually increasing salinity and the effects of the activated sludge acclimated by 30 000 mg Cl/L on nitrosation and nitration in sequencing batch reactor(SBR) were studied. The results showed that ammonia degradation rate decreased first and increased later when the salinity was increased to 15 000 mg Cl/L. A lot of nitrite accumulated at the end of the reaction when the salinity was 25 000 mg Cl/L. The ammonia degradation rate still kept at a certain level when the salinity was 30 000 mg Cl/L. This indicated that the nitration process was inhibited by high salinity more easily than the nitrosation process. When the fresh water activated sludge was affected by the salinity of 20 000 mg Cl/L, the nitrosation process acclimated for long time was still inhibited significantly. The nitrification was almost completely inhibited by the salinity impact of 30 000 mg Cl/L. The nitrification of the activated sludge acclimated by 30 000 mg Cl/L had a strong adaptability to salinity fluctuation.